![]() Hammer, an engineer with General Electric, in response to the 1973 oil crisis. The spiral CFL was invented in 1976 by Edward E. The first fluorescent light bulb and fixture were displayed to the general public at the 1939 New York World's Fair. Circular and U-shaped lamps were devised to reduce the length of fluorescent light fixtures. ![]() George Inman later teamed with General Electric to create a practical fluorescent lamp, sold in 1938 and patented in 1941. Įdmund Germer, Friedrich Meyer, and Hans Spanner patented a high-pressure vapor lamp in 1927. The Cooper Hewitt lamps were used for photographic studios and industries. The parent to the modern fluorescent lamp was invented in the late 1890s by Peter Cooper Hewitt. General Electric has since stopped production of domestic CFL lamps in the United States in favour of LEDs. White LED lamps compete with CFLs for high-efficiency lighting. Improved phosphor formulations have improved the perceived color of the light emitted by CFLs, such that some sources rate the best "soft white" CFLs as subjectively similar in color to standard incandescent lamps. The principle of operation remains the same as in other fluorescent lighting: electrons that are bound to mercury atoms are excited to states where they will radiate ultraviolet light as they return to a lower energy level this emitted ultraviolet light is converted into visible light as it strikes the fluorescent coating, and into heat when absorbed by other materials such as glass.ĬFLs radiate a spectral power distribution that is different from that of incandescent lamps. These countries have established special collection systems for CFLs and other hazardous waste. In many countries, governments have banned the disposal of CFLs together with regular garbage. Like all fluorescent lamps, CFLs contain toxic mercury, which complicates their disposal. A CFL has a higher purchase price than an incandescent lamp, but can save over five times its purchase price in electricity costs over the lamp's lifetime. The lamps use a tube that is curved or folded to fit into the space of an incandescent bulb, and a compact electronic ballast in the base of the lamp.Ĭompared to general-service incandescent lamps giving the same amount of visible light, CFLs use one-fifth to one-third the electric power, and last eight to fifteen times longer. However, part of this list included companies that have been troubled in the last decade, such as Xerox and Polaroid.Comparison of CFLs with power ratings of 105 W, 36 W, and 11 WĪ compact fluorescent lamp ( CFL), also called compact fluorescent light, energy-saving light and compact fluorescent tube, is a fluorescent lamp designed to replace an incandescent light bulb some types fit into light fixtures designed for incandescent bulbs. Though no one comprehensive list exists of the Nifty 50, examples of some of these stocks included General Electric ( GE), Coca-Cola ( KO), and IBM ( IBM). They became known as "one-decision" stocks because investors were told by individuals such as University of Pennsylvania professor Jeremy Siegel that they could buy and hold them forever. The Nifty 50 stocks got their notoriety in the bull markets of the 1960s and early 1970s. Today’s blue-chip stocks in several ways resemble the Nifty Fifty stocks of prior decades.However, part of this list also included now-struggling or defunct companies like Xerox and Polaroid. Examples of Nifty Fifty stocks included household names such as General Electric, Coca-Cola, and IBM.The Nifty Fifty was a group of 50 large-cap stocks on the New York Stock Exchange in the 1960s and 1970s, characterized by their consistent earnings growth and high P/E ratios.
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